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from Cathy (cathyvpreece@aol.com)

The Times

June 15, 2002

Anniversaries

TODAY

EVENTS: in 1215 King John set his seal on the Magna Carta at Runnymede, near Windsor; in 1825 the Duke of York laid the foundation stone of the new London Bridge; in 1844 Charles Goodyear patented vulcanised rubber; in 1896 a Tsunami 110ft high struck Sanriku, Japan, sweeping across 170 miles of coastline and taking 27,000 lives.

BIRTHS: Edward, the Black Prince, eldest son of Edward III who won a reputation for courage during the 100 Years War, born in Woodstock, Oxfordshire, 1330; Hablot K. Browne (Phiz), illustrator of ten of Dickens’s novels, notably Martin Chuzzlewit and David Copperfield, born in Kennington, 1815; Ion Antonescu, Romanian military leader and fascist dictator whose participation in the Nazi invasion of the Soviet Union resulted in the fall of his regime, born in Pitesti, 1882.

DEATHS: Wat Tyler, leader of the Peasants’ Revolt, killed in London, 1381; James Polk, 11th American President (1845-49) whose term was marked by the establishment of the 49th parallel as the country’s northern border, died in Nashville, Tennessee, 1849; Carl Wernicke, German neurologist who related nerve diseases to specific areas of the brain, known for his descriptions of the aphasias (disorders interfering with speech or writing), died in Thüringer Wald, Germany, 1905.

TOMORROW

EVENTS: In 1586, Mary Queen of Scots announced that King Philip II of Spain would be her heir — she was executed the following year; in 1917 the first Congress of the Soviets was held; in 1961 Rudolf Nureyev defected to the West while in Paris with the Leningrad Kirov Ballet; in 1963 Valentina Tereshkova of the Soviet Union became the first woman to orbit the Earth.

BIRTHS: Sir John Cheke, English writer, scholar, and supporter of the Protestant Reformation who, in the words of poet John Milton: “taught Cambridge and King Edward Greek”, and was later imprisoned by Mary I, born in Cambridge 1514; Stan Laurel, comedian who had made 76 feature films before the first with Oliver Hardy, born in Ulverston, Lancashire, 1890; Barbara McClintock, American scientist whose discovery of mobile genetic elements, or “jumping genes”, won her the 1983 Nobel Prize, born in Hartford, Connecticut, 1902.

DEATHS: John Churchill, 1st Duke of Marlborough, general who together with Prince Eugene of Savoy won such battles as Blenheim (1704), Oudenaarde (1708), and Malplaquet (1709), and alone is credited with Ramillies (1706), died at Windsor, 1722; Imre Nagy, Prime Minister of Hungary 1953-55 and 1956, led the revolutionary government of 1956 promising reforms such as an end to agricultural collectivisation and the closure of labour camps, executed in Budapest, 1958; John Reith (1st Baron Reith), first Director-General of the BBC (1927-38), whose principles were to “inform, educate and entertain”, died in Edinburgh, 1971.

(posted 7957 days ago)

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